Which marker is most sensitive for alcoholic liver disease?

The most sensitive marker for alcoholic liver disease is γ-Glutamyltransferase (GGT). This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of glutathione and is found in various tissues, including the liver. Alcohol consumption often leads to increased levels of GGT, making it a useful biomarker for detecting alcohol-related liver dysfunction.

In the context of alcoholic liver disease, GGT levels rise earlier and to a greater extent compared to other liver enzymes, such as AST and ALT. While AST and ALT are indicative of liver injury, they do not specifically correlate with alcohol use. Furthermore, AST might be elevated in a variety of liver conditions unrelated to alcohol consumption.

GGT is particularly advantageous because it not only indicates liver injury but also reflects chronic alcohol use. This makes it a reliable marker for screening individuals suspected of having alcoholic liver disease. Other factors influencing GGT levels include bile duct obstructions and certain medications, but its sensitivity to alcohol makes it a standout choice in this context.

Thus, when assessing the liver's response to alcohol, GGT provides critical insights, allowing healthcare professionals to diagnose and monitor alcoholic liver disease effectively.