Which condition is usually associated with elevated levels of both AST and ALT?

Elevated levels of both AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) are commonly associated with acute hepatitis. These enzymes are primarily found in the liver, with ALT being more specific to liver injury. When liver tissue is damaged, as in the case of hepatitis, these enzymes leak into the bloodstream, resulting in increased serum levels.

Acute hepatitis can be caused by viral infections, toxins, or autoimmune diseases, leading to significant liver inflammation and cell death, which explains the rise in AST and ALT levels. Monitoring these enzymes is crucial in diagnosing and managing liver conditions.

In contrast, while myocardial infarction can cause elevations in AST due to muscle damage, it does not typically lead to significantly raised ALT levels. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are not directly linked to elevated enzyme levels in the same way as hepatitis.