What role does growth hormone play in glucose metabolism?

Growth hormone plays a significant role in glucose metabolism by stimulating gluconeogenesis, which is the process of producing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, primarily in the liver. This action is crucial, especially during periods of fasting or low carbohydrate intake, as it helps maintain adequate blood glucose levels to supply energy for various bodily functions.

In addition to stimulating gluconeogenesis, growth hormone also has other metabolic effects, including promoting lipolysis (the breakdown of fats) and reducing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. This can lead to increased blood glucose levels, contributing to the overall regulation of energy metabolism in the body. The net effect of growth hormone essentially supports the availability of glucose, particularly during times of stress or fasting when energy demands are high.

By understanding the specific role of growth hormone in stimulating gluconeogenesis, it becomes clear how this hormone contributes to maintaining glucose homeostasis and energy balance in the body.