What is the main estrogen produced by the ovaries used to evaluate ovarian function?

Estradiol (E2) is the primary estrogen produced by the ovaries and is critical for the evaluation of ovarian function. It plays a significant role in the menstrual cycle, influencing the development of ovarian follicles and the preparation of the endometrium for potential pregnancy. Estradiol levels fluctuate during the menstrual cycle, providing insights into ovarian activity; elevated levels can indicate follicular development and the functional status of the ovaries.

The importance of measuring estradiol relates to its direct implications for fertility and reproductive health. As the dominant form of estrogen during the reproductive years, estradiol levels are useful indicators for conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and menopausal status.

Other forms of estrogen, while relevant, do not serve the same purpose or provide as clear an indication of ovarian function. Estriol, for example, is primarily produced during pregnancy and is less indicative of ovarian reserve or activity outside of this context. Epiestriol and hydroxyestrone also have specific roles and can be involved in certain conditions, but they do not reflect ovarian function to the same extent as estradiol does.