What does a glycated hemoglobin test primarily indicate?

A glycated hemoglobin test, often referred to as HbA1c, primarily indicates the long-term average blood glucose levels over a period of approximately two to three months. This serves as a critical marker for assessing how well a person's diabetes is being managed and whether blood glucose levels have remained within the target range over an extended timeframe.

When glucose is present in the bloodstream, it can attach to hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. The more glucose there is in the blood, the more hemoglobin becomes glycated. Therefore, the HbA1c level reflects the average blood glucose concentration, providing healthcare providers with valuable insights into a patient’s overall glucose control rather than reflecting immediate or transient blood sugar spikes.

This test is essential for diagnosing diabetes as well as monitoring its management. It highlights trends in blood sugar levels, which can inform treatment decisions and adjustments in therapy.